太空原位制造和修复技术研究现状分析

概述了太空原位制造和修复技术（In—situ Fabrication and Repair,ISFR）的概念和特点,并结合该技术的发展背景,介绍了国内外以选择性激光烧结和电子束熔融技术为代表的太空原位制造、空间钎焊修复、太空基地建筑构建等方向发展现状及趋势。结合我国空间技术事业发展,提出充分借鉴国外相关技术成果,围绕主要应用材料,重点开展空间环境适应性和应用验证研究,并探索利用模拟月壤开展太空原位制造技术研究的设想与建议。     

卫星磁载荷现场校准技术研究

本文介绍了一种卫星磁场探测载荷现场校准技术,设计了拆分式磁场线圈、无磁支架等,研制了校准装置。利用该技术实现了对卫星磁载荷在整星测试、发射前等多个阶段的测试校准,解决了卫星载荷在星体装配完成后无法测试的难题,提高了磁载荷测试数据可靠度,保证了科学实验的有效性。该校准技术已服务于我国首颗地磁监测试验卫星(张衡一号卫星),对其磁场探测载荷在整星测试、出厂测试、发射场技术确认等多个阶段进行了校准,取得了很好的应用效果。     

Energy requirements of a thermally processed ISRU radiation shield for a lunar habitat

The purpose of this study was to establish, on a first principles basis, the order of magnitude of energy requirements for a thermally processed, lunar regolith radiation shield constructed using an in-situ resource utilisation (ISRU) approach. This was done by developing a reference scenario habitat and using thermodynamic relationships and specific heat capacity expressions to determine the energy required to bring such a regolith volume up to sintering temperatures (c. 1,375 K). Once the energy requirements were developed some power system architectures were outlined conceptually and a nuclear power plant of c. 400 kW was suggested as a means to supply the necessary energy. This is well beyond current space nuclear applications. The study concludes that it is likely that the most efficient near-term solution is chemical processing of regolith, from an energy requirements perspective. The technology is also more mature and likely to be delivered on near term projects as it does not require such scaled-up power system architectures. Alternatively, bringing storm shelters up with the habitat to provide a means of weathering major solar events, and adding additional radiation protection to habitat quarters, possibly through a water blanket or similar mechanism, could provide a non-ISRU solution with current technology. However, in the longer term, the development of MW-scale power system architectures (fission, solar etc.), may permit a very large volume of material to be processed thermally for construction material, making a large, permanent human presence on the Moon more easily realisable.     

预浸料-真空固化复合材料工艺特点与应用

文摘从树脂工艺性、预浸料结构及成型工艺等方面介绍了预浸料-真空固化复合材料工艺特点,简要总结了预浸料-真空固化技术在航空航天领域复合材料制造中的应用现状,并对预浸料-真空固化技术发展进行展望。     

实际工程中混合模型的任务可靠性分配方法

随着可靠性工程在航空产业中的逐步开展,适合于实际工程中的可靠性分配方法变得日益重要,尤其对于实际工程中混合模型的任务可靠性指标分配来说,因其对应的可靠性模型一般为串、并联等混合的复杂模型,可靠性指标分配相当困难。本文将实际工程中常见的比例组合法和专家评分分配法有效地结合起来,为实际工程中混合模型的任务可靠性分配提供了一种简便易行的方法。     

Concept of wireless sensor network for future in-situ exploration of lunar ice using wireless impedance sensor

It is known that a wireless sensor network uses some sort of sensors to detect a physical quantity of interest, in general. The wireless sensor network is a potential tool for exploring the difficult-to-access area on the earth and the concept may be extended to space applications in future. Recently, lunar water has been detected by a few lunar missions using remote sensing techniques. The lunar water is expected to be in the form of ice at very low temperatures of permanently dark regions on the moon. To support the remote observations and also to find out potential ice bearing sites on the moon, in-situ measurement of the lunar ice is essential. However, a rover may not be able to reach the permanently shadowed regions due to terrain irregularity. One possibility to access such areas is to use a wireless sensor network on the lunar surface.     

原位生长铝基复合材料的工艺研究

以金属氧化物粉末和铝进行置换反应原理为基础,对挤压铸造法,超声振动反应法制备原位生长的铝基复合材料的工艺进行了探索。光学金相观察和Ｘ射线衍射分析表明：挤压铸造过程中,金属氧化物与铝几乎未发生反应,挤压扣的复合材料经进一步热处理后,反应进行完全,得到Ａｌ２Ｏ３／Ａｌ复合材料;热处理后,复合材料的显微硬度值有明显的改变;     

卫星磁载荷现场校准技术研究

本文介绍了一种卫星磁场探测载荷现场校准技术，设计了拆分式磁场线圈、无磁支架等，研制了校准装置。利用该技术实现了对卫星磁载荷在整星测试、发射前等多个阶段的测试校准，解决了卫星载荷在星体装配完成后无法测试的难题，提高了磁载荷测试数据可靠度，保证了科学实验的有效性。该校准技术已服务于我国首颗地磁监测试验卫星（张衡一号卫星），对其磁场探测载荷在整星测试、出厂测试、发射场技术确认等多个阶段进行了校准，取得了很好的应用效果。     

双损耗Al2O3基多孔吸波材料的制备及其吸波性能

基于片状Al₂O₃陶瓷互锁结构强度高的特点,制备出夹杂石墨的高气孔率的Al₂O₃多孔陶瓷,并通过原位还原在多孔骨架中制备出Ni微粒,形成一种轻质的双损耗陶瓷基吸波材料。通过XRD、FE-SEM和EDS研究了还原温度对多孔吸波材料的组成、微观形貌、元素分布和吸波性能的影响。结果表明,还原温度升温至700 ℃可将多孔网络中Ni完全还原,形成以堆叠互锁Al₂O₃为基,夹杂片状石墨和孔表面覆盖Ni微粒的双损耗轻质吸波材料。当复合材料厚度为6.5 mm时,最小反射损耗为-35.01 dB,有效吸收带宽达到1.75 GHz。片状Al₂O₃锁定的石墨片构筑的导电网络,Ni微粒与基体之间的极化效应等共同促进复合材料良好的微波吸收性能。     

形位误差在位测量的误差分离技术

采用误差分离原理，对大型工件的几何精度实施在位测量，可以将基准的误差从测量结果中分离出来，从而减少测量不确定度，提高测量精度。